What is the role of probiotics in nutrition?

Probiotics are live microorganisms, often referred to as "good" or "friendly" bacteria, that are believed to provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. The primary role of probiotics in nutrition is their positive influence on gut health and their ability to support the immune system.

Probiotics help maintain a balanced gut microbiota, which is essential for proper digestion and absorption of nutrients. They can enhance the barrier function of the intestinal lining, helping to prevent the entry of harmful pathogens. Additionally, probiotics can modulate the immune system by influencing the activity of immune cells in the gut, thereby promoting an appropriate immune response and enhancing overall immune function.

While some studies suggest that probiotics may aid in weight management by influencing metabolic processes, their primary recognized role is significantly centered on improving gut health and supporting immunity. In contrast, while probiotics are sometimes linked to the suppression of certain infections by outcompeting pathogens in the gut, they are not typically used to treat infections directly or to provide essential vitamins, which are better sourced from a balanced diet.