Why is folate important during pregnancy?

Folate, a B-vitamin, is crucial during pregnancy primarily because it plays a significant role in preventing neural tube defects in the developing fetus. The neural tube forms early in pregnancy and develops into the baby's brain and spinal cord. Adequate folate intake reduces the risk of serious birth defects like spina bifida and anencephaly by ensuring proper cell division and DNA synthesis during this critical period of development.

While folate contributes to other functions in the body, such as red blood cell formation and overall cellular health, its most vital contribution during pregnancy centers on its protective role for fetal neural development. Ensuring sufficient folate intake through diet or supplementation is strongly recommended for women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, which underscores its importance in maternal and fetal health.